DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WATT AND PORTER GOVERNOR
抽象的
我们项目的目的是开发产品的原型“watt and porter governor”.每当有负载变化时,调速器的功能是将发动机的速度保持在指定限制内。这是在制造技术领域中完成的动态设备。是的便宜,几乎可以用于所有车辆。调速器通常由连接到油门阀的套筒组成。当袖子达到最低位置时,发动机应发展最大功率。突然去除负载时,其套筒应立即达到最高位置。它的袖子应在正常工作条件下漂浮在某个中间位置。
调速器或速度限制器是用于测量和调节机器速度(例如发动机)的设备。一个经典的例子是离心省,也称为瓦特或飞球员,它使用安装在弹簧臂上的手臂上的权重来确定轴旋转的速度,并且then uses proportional control to regulate the shaft speed. Centrifugal governors were used to regulate the distance and pressure between millstones in windmills since the 17th century. Early steam engines采用纯粹的往复运动,用于抽水 - 一种可以耐受工作速度变化的应用。直到苏格兰工程师詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)引入了旋转蒸汽机(用于驾驶工厂机械)时,恒定的操作速度才变得必要。
Between the years 1775 and 1800, Watt, in partnership with industrialist Matthew Bolton, produced some 500 rotati-ve beam engines. At the heart of these engines was Watt‟s self-designed “conical pendulum” governor: a set of revolving steel balls attached to a vertical spindle by link arms, where the controlling force consists of the weight of the balls.
(i) A governor, or speed limiter, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine. A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as theWatt governor,which uses weights mounted on loaded arms to determine how fast a shaft is spinning, and then使用比例控制来调节轴速度。瓦特州长以詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)的名字命名,他将其用于蒸汽机。詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)在其商业伙伴马修·布尔顿(Matthew Boulton)的建议下于1788年设计了他的第一位州长。这是一个圆锥形的摆长,也是最后一个瓦特(Watt)为蒸汽机雇用了一系列创新。詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)从未声称离心总督是自己的发明。
离心行长were used to regulate the distance and pressure between millstones in windmills since the 17th century. It is therefore a misunderstanding that James Watt is the inventor of this device.
(ii)瓦特州长的巨型雕像位于英国西米德兰兹的Smethwick。被称为飞球州长。
(iii) Another kind of centrifugal governor consists of a pair of masses on a spindle inside a cylinder, the masses or the cylinder being coated with pads, somewhat like a drum brake. This is used in a spring-loaded record player and a spring-loaded telephone dial to limit the speed.
(iv)州长的主要优势是相当便宜且高效的。
分类OF GOVERNORS:
州长可能会被归类为
1.离心总督
2.惯性总督
Governors may further be classified as follows:
1.摆类型(瓦特调速器)
2. Loaded type
成分
框架:
A frame is a structural system that supports other components of a physical construction.
A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between two or more parts, typically rotation or linear movement. Bearings may be classified broadly according to the motions they allow and according to their principle of operation as well as by the directions of applied loads they can
automatically controls the supply of the working fluid to the engine with the varying load conditions and keeps the mean speed within certain limits.
A little consideration will show ,that when the load increases ,the configuration of the governor changes and a valve is moved to increase the supply of the working fluid ; conversely , when the load decreases , the engine speed increases and the governor decreases the supply of working fluid.
‘a’. The bracket ‘b’ at the top of ‘a’ supports two arms ‘c’ which are pivoted at the top, at the end of the arms are two very heavy metal weights ‘B’ partway along the arms ‘c’ are fixed two pivoted link arms ‘d’which link to a collar ‘c’ which rotates with them but is able to slide up and down shaft ‘a’.
在静止的情况下,调速器的重量处于重力最低的位置,油门将处于最开放的位置。随着发动机速度的增加,这些重量会更快地旋转,直到离心力超过重力的力,并且它们向外飞行,并且由于连锁的结果,向上,该运动被传输到开始关闭的节气门阀。The faster the governor isThe up and down motion of this collar is followed by a pair of pins ‘f’ which move a bell crank ‘g’ which is in turn linked to a throttle actuating rod ‘I’ linked to a throttle or butterfly valve in the supply of steam to the engines cylinder which can allow more or less steam through.
驱动越远的重量移动,油门关闭的越多,直到它使其通过平衡需求和发动机速度稳定的蒸汽量为止。
搬运工
制造作为工业术语是指建筑金属结构
cutting, bending and assembling.
The fabrication of porter governor involves:
i. Turning operation in lathe. (spindle)
ii. Threading operation in lathe.( Spindle)
iii. Drilling holes in porter arms, frame and dead weight.
(ii) Centrifugal flyweight mechanism driven by the engine is linked to the throttle and works against a spring in a fashion similar to that of the pneumatic governor, resulting in essentially identical operation.
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