楼梯登山器手推车的设计和制造
Abstract
This project aims at developing a mechanism for easy transportation of heavy loads over stairs. The need for such a system arises from day-to-day requirements in our society. Devices such as hand trolleys are used to relieve the stress of lifting while on flat ground; however, these devices usually fail when it comes to carrying the load over short fleet of stairs. In the light of this, the project attempts to design a stair climbing hand cart which can carry heavy objects up the stairs with less effort compared to carrying them manually. It also endeavors to study the commercial viability and importance of such a product. Several designs were conceived that would allow a non-industrial hand trolley to travel over stairs, curbs, or uneven terrain while reducing the strain on the
user.
In our project, the trolley is equipped with Tri-Star wheels which enable us to carry load up and down the stairs. It also eases the movement of trolley in-irregular surfaces like holes, bumps, etc.
HAND TROLLEY
手推车是一种小型运输设备，用于将重载从一个地方移动到另一个地方。它是运输物理产品的大量行业使用的一种非常常见的工具。手推车也被称为手推车或多莉，经常被安排和补货的股票人员使用
零售商店的商品。当正确使用时，手推车可以保护人们免受背部受伤和其他健康问题的影响，这可能会导致重负荷。
Description
典型的手推车由两个小轮子组成，位于负载平台下方，手推车通常在其支撑架上有两个手柄。这些手柄用于推动，拉动和操纵设备。手柄可能从框架的顶部延伸，或者一个手柄可能从背面弯曲。一个空的手推车通常直立在L形中，并且产品通常堆叠在平台的顶部。当货物到位时，它会向后倾斜，以使平台和支撑架之间的负载平衡。特别是如果移动重型或脆弱的材料，操作手推车的人应小心地将其恢复到直立位置，以确保
没有什么可以掉下来的平台。框架的前部可以将盒子平方或弯曲的鼓和桶弯曲。有时，手动卡车还带有用于在运输过程中固定货运的皮带。
Professional material handlers prefer to use a hand truck when moving stackable items such as boxes, crates or packages. Heavier items are usually stacked on the bottom of the hand truck, with lighter objects saved for the top.
手动卡车用户必须小心，不要将其堆叠得如此之高，以至于他们的视力被阻塞或负载变得不稳定。通常，可以安全地将手动卡车装到框架的手柄或顶部。然后将负载向后移动到车轮上，向后抬起运动。用户可以通过向左，向前或向前转向货物来操纵货物。
需要楼梯登山器手推车
将重物提升到上层故事或将患者从地面上提升到上层不是无痛的工作，尤其是在没有举重设施（电梯，输送机等）的情况下。此外，大多数建筑物在结构上是拥挤的，没有电梯或自动扶梯。这个项目可以
引入一个新的选项，用于在楼梯上运输负载。楼梯手推车可以在这些区域发挥重要作用，以使负载在短高度上抬高。
STAIR CLIMBER TROLLEY
The stair-climbing hand truck is designed to reduce liability rather than increase it. Conventional hand trucks work well on flat ground, but their usefulness decreases when it becomes necessary to move an object over an irregular surface. Package deliverymen, for example, often find it necessary to drag loaded hand trucks up short flights of stairs just to reach the front door of a
building. The entire purpose of using a conventional hand truck is to avoid having to lift and carry heavy objects around.
将手动卡车抬起楼梯会破坏设备的目的，因为用户必须提供足够的向上力量来抬起手推车及其内容物的重量。此外，手动卡车的几何形状几乎不可能像适当的形式一样用双腿抬起。背部肌肉将大量菌株放置，并且操作员受伤的风险急剧增加。
The pulling up of a standard hand truck up the stairs results in a bumpy and jarring motion. This motion may damage the items loaded on the hand truck or cause them to fall off entirely. A hand truck that could climb stairs without requiring the user to lift would improve the safety of moving heavy objects over irregular surfaces.
In our project, we are designing and fabricating normal hand trolleys with Tri-Star wheel in order to enable the trolley to move up or down the stairs.
TRI-STAR WHEEL DESIGN
Tri-Star Wheel是由洛克希德飞机公司的Robert和John Forsyth于1967年设计的。他们最初是作为洛克希德·塔拉斯塔尔（Lockheed Terrastar）的模块开发的，洛克希德·塔拉斯塔尔（Lockheed Terrastar）是一种商业上不成功的两栖军车。Tri-Star车轮在平坦的地面上充当普通车轮，但在遇到滚动障碍时可以自动爬升。
该轮子设计由三个轮胎组成，每个轮胎都安装在单独的轴上。这些轴位于等边三角形的顶点。这三个轴齿轮驶向第四个中央轴（可以连接电动机）。
梗阻。障碍物可防止下前轮向前移动，但不会影响驱动轴的运动。这会导致顶轮作为新的前轮向前滚动到位。该轮通常会降落在障碍物的顶部，并使组件的其余部分在障碍物上拱起。当以这种准行星的方式配备时，三角车轮在运动中显示了这些三角形的轮子，可以协商许多类型的地形，包括沙子和泥浆。他们还可以允许车辆爬上小障碍物，例如岩石，孔和楼梯。车轮组件可以是齿轮驱动的，两个轮子与地面滚动。第三轮怠速位于顶部，直到下前轮击中
APPLICATION OF TRI-STAR WHEEL IN OUR PROJECT
In our project, we are using this Tri-Star wheel arrangement in a hand trolley in the place of normal wheels setup to enable the trolley to climb up and down the stair cases and also to up come small obstacles like holes and bumps on its path.
结论
Though this project had some limitations regarding the strength and built of the structure, it can be considered to be a small step forward, as far as Stair Climbing Vehicles are concerned. During the test run of this project, it was realized that it wouldn’t be a bad idea to consider this design for carrying heavy loads up the stairs. This product will be well acclaimed if it can be commercialized to suit the needs. Though the initial cost of the project seemed to be higher but more accurate manufacturing would shorten this. As far the commercial aspects of this product are concerned, if this product can be fully automated and produced at a lower cost the acceptance will be unimaginable. Presently, there are no competitors for such a kind of product in our market.
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